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Objective @#To explore the effect on children's occlusion and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) after placement of preformed metal crowns and provide a reference for the restoration of defective primary molars. @*Methods @#A total of 39 children who underwent all primary molar metal crown restorations under general anesthesia were enrolled. The participants underwent occlusal contact area, percentage of total occlusal force, asymmetric ratio of occlusal force and occlusal contact time examinations with the T-scan computerized occlusal analysis system. Vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) was measured using a dental vertical dimension gauge. TMJ dysfunction signs were recorded using the modified clinical dysfunction index (Di), and TMJ dysfunction symptoms were recorded using questionnaires. All data were collected at pretreatment, 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up visits. @*Results@#The occlusal contact area at the 3-month and 6-month follow-up visits returned to the occlusal contact area of pretreatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with pretreatment, the percentage of total occlusal force at the 3-month and 6-month follow-up visits increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The asymmetric ratio of occlusal force and the occlusal contact time were significantly decreased at the 6-month follow-up visit (P<0.05). The vertical dimension of occlusion recovered after one month of treatment (P>0.05). The final statistical analysis of the TMJ assessment showed that there was no significant difference in the clinical disorder index and TMJ dysfunction symptoms before and after treatment (P>0.05). @*Conclusions @# After undergoing all primary molar metal crown restorations, occlusal re-equilibrations were attained after approximately one month. The percentage of total occlusal force and occlusal stability were significantly increased after six months of treatment, without significant temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
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Objective@# To investigate the adverse reactions of resin cement used for dentin bonding and its influencing factors.@*Methods@# Patients with dental defects treated with resin cement dentin adhesive for direct composite resin repair or full crown indirect repair were selected as the research objects. The occurrence and causes of adverse reactions, such as dental pulp lesions, soft tissue adverse reactions, and restoration loosening and falling off 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after treatment, were analyzed retrospectively.@*Results @# Among the 14 776 teeth of 5 971 patients who used resin cement dentin adhesive, 580 cases (3.93%) had adverse reactions. Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of adverse events was highest in teeth with the "full crowns (fixed partial dentures)" restoration type at 7 days, 1 month, and 12 months after treatment. At 7 days after treatment, the incidence of adverse events was the highest in teeth with a preparation depth of "near pulp after preparation". At 7 days and 3 months after treatment, the incidence of adverse events was the highest in teeth with " dentin conditioner-adhesive-resin" treatment of the bonding surface. Multivariate analysis indicated that pulp perforation and pulp capping after tooth preparation were risk factors for adverse events 7 days after treatment (OR=2.610), and the “dentin primer-adhesive-resin” bonding surface treatment method was a protective factor for adverse events 7 days and 3 months after treatment (OR<1). @*Conclusion@#affect the occurrence of adverse events. pulp perforation, and pulp capping after tooth preparation, and self-etching bonding may contribute to adverse reactions.
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Objective@#To explore the clinical effect of bulk-fill composite resin combined with transparent preformed crowns for aesthetic restoration of deciduous incisor of children.@*Methods@#A predesigned clinical prospective randomized controlled research method was used to select 90 patients (123 teeth). The random number table method was divided into three groups: A, B, and C. Group A was treated with a bulk-fill composite resin of SF (SonicFill) combined with a transparent preformed crown (41 teeth in 30 cases), and group B was treated with a large block of Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill Composite resin combined with transparent preformed crowns (39 teeth in 29 cases). Group C was treated with 3M Z350 XT universal nano resin combined with transparent preformed crowns (43 teeth in 31 cases). The visual analog scale (VAS) and the modified USPHS standard were used to evaluate the completeness, marginal steps, marginal discoloration, surface condition, secondary caries and satisfaction of the parents with prostheses after 12 months.@*Results @#Twelve months after the operation, the evaluation indexes of group A were better than those of group B and group C, and the differences were statistically significant, including edge integrity (χ2=10.847, P=0.028), edge step (χ2=7.799, P=0.020), edge discoloration (χ2=10.391, P=0.034), surface state (χ2=11.476, P=0.021), and secondary caries (χ2=10.447, P=0.034). The satisfaction of parents in group A on the overall contour (χ2=10.238, P=0.037), shape and texture (χ2=11.521, P=0.021) were better than those in group B and group C, and the differences were statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the evaluation of color satisfaction among the three groups (χ2=0.990, P=0.610).@* Conclusion@#SonicFill bulk-fill composite resin combined with transparent preformed crown is good for short-term aesthetic restoration of deciduous incisor, and parental satisfaction is high.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical effect of restoration of posterior teeth with machinable CAD/CAM resin hybrid ceramic (VITA Enamic) onlays after root canal treatment. @* Methods @#136 posterior teeth restored after root canal treatment in our hospital were selected as the research subjects. The posterior teeth were restored chairside with CAD / CAM ceramic onlays to recover occlusion relation and protect residual dental tissues. With 68 teeth in each group, one group was restored with a machinable CAD / CAM resin hybrid ceramic (VITA Enamic) while the control group received zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (VITA Suprinity). Before bonding, all the onlays were examined for good adjacency, fitness and occlusion, and then the adhesive surface was etched with hydrofluoric acids. After isolating the rubber dams in the mouths, the onlays were bonded with dual-cure resin cements. The patients were followed up for 24 months to compare the degree of prosthesis integrity, marginal fitness, gingival health, dental integrity, color matching and secondary caries. @* Results @#After restoration, all the onlays were in harmony with the surrounding teeth with good aesthetic effect and suitable marginal fit. Two years later, there were no significant differences in the marginal fitness, gingival health, dental integrity or secondary cavities between the two groups (P > 0.05). In terms of restoration integrity, the VITA Enamic onlays (100%) were intact and displayed good retention. The group that received VITA Suprinity had 6 onlay (9.23%) fractures and a success rate of 90.77%; however, the residual dental tissues did not break. The difference of prosthesis integrity between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2= 4.45, P < 0.05). @*Conclusion@#Chairside CAD/CAM resin hybrid ceramic (VITA Enamic) onlays can quickly restore posterior teeth after root canal therapy and better protect the residual dental tissue.
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@#The aims of tooth restoration of endodontically treated teeth are to protect the remaining dental tissue; restore coronal morphology, functions and aesthetics; prevent bacterial microleakage and ensure periodontal healthy; prevent fracture of the restorations and reduce the wear from antagonist teeth. This article reviews the preservation and minimally invasive restoration of endodontically treated teeth. The results of the literature review show that tooth fracture resistance decreases after root canal treatment, the amount of remaining tooth tissue is an important factor affecting the success of root canal treatment, and the neck is the stress concentration area of tooth tissue, the traditional full crown and postcore crown have a certain amount of abrasion on the healthy neck teeth tissue, which will further reduce the bending resistance of the teeth and may cause the teeth to fracture. With the development of bonding technology, composite resin materials and ceramic materials, there are fewer molar tissues removed when resin, inlay, onlay, overlay and inlay crown are used to repair tooth defects, which can better preserve the remaining tooth tissues, especially the neck tooth tissues. After root canal treatment, only the pulp cavity of the tooth can be directly repaired by resin. When the marginal ridge is absent, minimally invasive restoration methods, such as inlay, onlay, and inlay crown, can be selected according to the number of marginal ridges removed and the thickness of the remaining dental tissue.
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Objective@#Objective To evaluate the effect of repairing posterior teeth with subgingival defects with onlays after deep margin elevation and to provide a reference for clinical application.@*Methods @#Eighty-six cases of posterior teeth with subgingival defects were treated with resin filling to elevate the subgingival margin to the superior gingival margin and were then restored with onlays of cast porcelain. Patients were followed up at 1 week, 6 months and 12 months. The wear and tear of the restorations, fractures of the restorations, loss of the restorations, marginal closeness, marginal staining, secondary caries and gingival health were examined. Assessment of efficacy with reference to American public health service standards was conducted.@*Results @#One week after the operation, there was no loss of follow-up. Eighty-six cases of onlays had no prosthetic wear, prosthetic fracture, prolapse of the prosthesis, edge adhesion, edge coloration, secondary caries, etc., and the gums were healthy. At 6 months after surgery, 2 patients were lost to follow-up and 4 of the remaining 84 onlays were detached. After re-adhesion, there was no shedding. At 12 months after surgery, 5 cases were lost to follow-up and 81 cases of onlays demonstrated no further prosthetic wear, prosthetic fracture, prolapse of the prosthesis, edge adhesion, edge coloration, secondary caries, etc., and the gums were healthy. The success rate after 12 months of repair was 95.1% (77/81).Conclusion For posterior teeth with a subgingival defect, onlays of cast porcelain have the advantages of a high success rate, co@*Conclusion@# For posterior teeth with a subgingival defect, onlays of cast porcelain have the advantages of a high success rate, convenient clinical operation and no influence on periodontal health to restore posterior teeth after deep margin elevation.
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Objective To research the clinical efficacy of Dialog vario inlay teeth adjacent surface tooth repair and the influence on inflammatory factor and oxidative stress molecules in gingival sulcus fluid.Methods From September 2012 to September 2015,104 patients with ortho dental defects treated in the hospital were divided into study group and control group,with 52 cases in each group,control group used e-Max inlay repair,the research group used Dialog vario inlay repair.Clinical curative effect,beta interleukins-1β,6,8 (IL-β,IL-6,IL-8),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),propylene glycol (MDA),superoxide disproportionation alcohol (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),gum situation were compared between two groups.Results The replacement integrity,marginal consistency,color matching and secondary caries rate in the study group were superior to those of the control group (P＞ 0.05).IL-β,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,MDA of study group were lower than the control group (P＜0.05).SOD and GSH-Px of study group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Periodontal status of research group was better than that of control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The clinical efficacy of Dialog vario inlay in the repair of ortho dental defects may be related to the reduction of inflammatory reaction in gingival crevicular fluid and oxidative stress.
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Objective:To repaire the posterior tooth defects in the elderly people with CEREC chairside CAD/CAM restorations,and to evaluate the clinical curative effect 1 year after treatment.Methods:A total of 52 posterior teeth from 48 aged patients were selected.Among them,24 cases were onlays,18 cases were inlays,and 10 cases were crowns.The inlays/onlays/crowns were designed and manufactured by CEREC chairside CAD/CAM system,and then bonded with resin cement.After 12 months,the patients were followed up.The teeth with restorations were assessed by using the modified USPHS criteria including restorations,tooth,and periodontal.At the same time,the patient's satisfaction was evaluated.Results:In all of the 52 restorations,the success rates of inlay,onlay and crown were 94.4％,91.7％ and 80.0％,respectively;among them,one inlay was fractured,one onlay did not close the edge,one onlay's edge integrity was mild defect,one teeth was fractured,one crown's adjacent relationship was not close,and one crown appeared papillitis.Conclusion:The restorations manufactured by CEREC chairside CAD/ CAM system have a good short-term clinical curative effect.It is an effective way to repair the posterior tooth defects in the elderly people.
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Objective: To repaire the posterior tooth defects in the elderly people with CEREC chairside CAD/CAM restorations, and to evaluate the clinical curative effect 1 year after treatment. Methods: A total of 52 posterior teeth from 48 aged patients were selected. Among them, 24 cases were onlays, 18 cases were inlays, and 10 cases were crowns. The inlays/onlays/crowns were designed and manufactured by CEREC chairside CAD/CAM system, and then bonded with resin cement. After 12 months, the patients were followed up. The teeth with restorations were assessed by using the modified USPHS criteria including restorations, tooth, and periodontal. At the same time, the patient' s satisfaction was evaluated. Results: In all of the 52 restorations, the success rates of inlay, onlay and crown were 94. 4%, 91. 7% and 80. 0%, respectively; among them, one inlay was fractured, one onlay did not close the edge, one onlay's edge integrity was mild defect, one teeth was fractured, one crown's adjacent relationship was not close, and one crown appeared papillitis. Conclusion: The restorations manufactured by CEREC chairside CAD/CAM system have a good short-term clinical curative effect. It is an effective way to repair the posterior tooth defects in the elderly people.
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@#Tooth defects due to dental caries, trauma, abrasion, etc., are extremely common and can be treated by direct or indirect restoration. Compared with resin directly filling the body, an inlay can better restore the occlusal contact relationship and the adjacent surface contact relationship and has good mechanical properties. In recent years, with the development of ceramic materials and bonding systems and the popularity of chairside CAD/CAM technology, the chairside CAD/CAM porcelain inlay restoration program has been well received by doctors and patients because of its accuracy, convenience, aesthetics, hardness and stability, and this program is widely used clinically. This review covers the research status of various aspects such as indications and contraindications for chairside CAD/CAM inlay restoration, pre-restoration preparation, tooth preparation, hole type, impression taking and design, porcelain block selection, bonding, polishing, postoperative doctor’s instructions, and common postoperative complications. It is expected to provide a reference for the clinical application of and research on chairside CAD/CAM inlay restoration technology.
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Objective:To fabricate an all-ceramic crown which copies the morphology of preoperative tooth in one patient with only small occlusal dentin defects with completely digital design (CDD)technology,and to find a more precise and feasible solution to fix the tooth detect.Methods:The tooth treated with root canal therapy had the complete axial surface and small occlusal dentin defects.In order to keep the morphology of preoperative tooth,the digitized crown was designed with the information of preoperative tooth by oral scanning with CS3500 and using the"Biogeneric Copy"function of exocad design software,then the digitized information of the teeth was collected and transformed and the simulate zirconia crown was mode by 3D colloidal deposition technique.The patient's comfort and satisfaction were investigated by observing the morphology,the interproximal contacts,and the occlusion of crown.Results:The morphology of definitive restoration was similar to the preoperative tooth,which presented good interproximal contact and occlusion,and the patient was greatly satisfied without discomfort and foreign body sensation.Conclusion: A more accurate and personalized restoration approach can be implemented with the application of CDD to fabricate new ceramic crowns which copy the preoperative tooth.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of CAD/CAM all-ceramic onlay in the restoration of molars with extensive defect after root canal therapy(RCT).Methods:260 molars with extensive defect were restored by all-ceramic onlay after RCT.The patients were followed up for 18 months.The restoration effects were assessed using USPHS criteria.Results:The success rate of CAD/CAM all-ceramic onlay was 98％.Restoration exfoliation was found in 3 cases,fractured in 2 cases.Conclusion:CAD/CAM all-ceramic onlay can be applied in restoring extensive postenor tooth-defection after RCT.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of repair and chewing function recovery of fiber post and casting metal post in the restoration of large area tooth defect .Methods 100 cases of patients with large area tooth defect from August 2011 to June 2013 in our hospital were chosen to research , and were divided into the control group and the experimental group.The control group were treated with casting metal post , and the experimental group were trea -ted with fiber post.The effect of repair, bite force, chewing function and inflammatory factor levels in gingival crevic -ular between two group were compared .Results Chewing efficiency and bite force of experimental group were higher than the control group, and the difference had significant significance (p <0.05).Off, loose, discoloration and frac-ture repair effect decline rate of experimental were lower than the control group , and IL -6 and IL -8 of the experi-mental group were lower than the control group .The difference were significant(p <0.05).Conclusion Fiber post could effectively improve treatment effects in the restoration of large area tooth defect , chewing functions, and the effect of repair could be greatly improved .
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Objective:According to observe the 5-year clinical effect in the treatment of restoration of teeth with extensive de- fection through pulp chamber retainer,to discuss the usage and the defect of pulp chamber retainer.Methods:108 extensively damaged molars which had been finished pulp treatment were choosed.Retainers were fabricated correspond to the pulp chamber then full crow were factured.Results:108 molars were restored by full crown restoration with pulp chamber retainer,in which only 7 cases fell off.Conclusion:The retainer in pulp chamber can be used in the treatment of teeth with extensice defection and makes it easier in clinical operation.